Sales Representative Job Description– Individual needed to convince buyers to do something that they otherwise might not do!

Job Duties - To make this happen, you need to be able to create interest, develop relationships, clarify the product/service and its uses, close the deal, and service the customer.  Not capable of being done by a machine or robot.  Cannot be outsourced!

Why Aren’t There More African Americans in the Sales Profession?

As a Black sales professional, or an aspirant one, you may, or may not, have wondered the answers to this question.  As the question is intriguing, I attempted to research it on the basis of items written and published.  There is not much discussion in print. There is not much out there other than a couple of doctoral works done in the late ‘70s.  As those are somewhat stale I will pose some of my own observations on this issue.

Most professional sales positions interface with the ‘paying public’, also known as customers, in business-to-business (B2B) or business-to-personal (B2P).  Thus the sales profession is where the “rubber meets the road” for most organizations involved in manufacturing and distributing durable and non-durable goods as well as personal and business services.

Simple observance would tell you that Blacks are underrepresented in the nation’s professional force.  Whether it is sales positions in large thriving organizations, or sales positions in small and medium sized firms, there are very few organizations that have “too many” Black sales professionals.

There are several reasons why Blacks never get exposed to professional sales positions.  Here are some of them:

Many Qualified Blacks Avoid Jobs with an Uncertain Income - Those of you who are in sales know that many of your friends and your relatives marvel at the fact that you can’t tell them how much money you will make next year.  In the Black community jobs involving only commission are intimidating and not highly sought after.  Positions that have compensation schemes that involve salary are much more desirable.  Positions that have variations of the two (salary and commission) such as salary and bonus, or a salary draw plus commission garner suspicion because income at risk is not as desirable as a good salary.

Many organizations don’t seek out Black Sales Professionals – There are organizations that do recognize the benefit of the Black sales professional and actively recruit and hire.  Many large organizations have formal recruitment programs and planned goals as they measure hiring and retention of their minority sales talent.    The converse of this is that mid-sized and smaller businesses do not actively seek entry-level sales recruits with or without college educations.  These organizations lack formal sales training programs and thus expect candidates to come into the job with sales experience, and some indication of success.  This can be limiting for aspirant Black candidates, as they must attempt to garner the experience somewhere before getting the most desirable sales positions.

There are Hiring Managers that Discriminate in Hiring - This will not come as a surprise to those out there in the job market.  Discrimination will always exist in the job market. Remember, individuals, not a company or organization, do the hiring!  As long as hiring managers, with their own racial preferences, racial perceptions, and racial prejudices, select the candidates, the door is open for discrimination.  There is some basic human nature at play here, such as racial preference, although there can be the ‘dark side’ of human nature which includes basic racial prejudice.

Mobility within organizations – When Black college seniors are recruited they enter the organization through the sales operation.  That makes sales jobs a gateway position.  Many recruits that enter in this way find mobility within the organization and move to positions, even promotions that are more desired. Using the sales position as a portal to get inside an organization is fair, and a good way to work the system. This means that Black professionals in both simple and complex organizations migrate throughout the organization after finding success in the sales job.  Many new Black college graduates have little desire to be a career sales professional, but are highly desirous of getting on with a quality organization.  Many of those quality organizations that hire and train Black professionals allow them upward and lateral mobility within the organization, as these professionals are a known quantity and stable performing minorities are needed.

Lack of confidence – Based on the fact that most buyers are white, the Black sales professional often has many concerns regarding acceptance, preference, and possibility of success.  Depending on the firm that is in question, this might be only a perception, but it can be a serious and a limiting problem.  How many times have students or aspiring professionals indicated to me that they don’t think they could do the sales job?  More than I could ever count.  In reality many of them could do it, but they are intimidated by the nature of the job…. they lack confidence. Although mentoring, training, and general support can help a professional gain confidence, success is the best catalyst to creating that aura of confidence.

‘Bad’ assignments – Often when a Black sales professional is hired, they are more likely to get a difficult assignment.  Sometimes that assignment is related to an area or territory which has languished, or a company trying to reach Black businesses.   Have no doubt -Black sales professionals should be very clear about the territory that they are entering and should have agreement on what is expected upon hire and deployment. Hiring a Black sales professional in hopes that individual is going to handle Black businesses is unfair and limiting.  If you agree to it, that is ok (even though it is limiting).  I consider it a form of discrimination.  Your universe of prospects should be the similar in composition to all of the other sales professionals if your territory is similar to other sales representatives.  This scenario happens too often and can result in failure on the job.

Lack of mentoring - It is well known that we need more mentors to help Black sales professionals learn to navigate the sales environment.  As you will see later in this book, that need for mentors spans both an understanding of the intricacies of the organization as well as the sales environment.  Consequently, the sales professional may need more than one mentor.  Mentoring will help professionals who need to know more about the sales profession, the market, and the organization.  We need to increase this activity to fill the void, as it is obvious that there are deficiencies in this regard.  Organizations need to provide more mentoring, yet mentoring from outside the organization can be effective as well. Mentoring, when done right, represents a way to give experience, expertise, advice, and support.

Lack of training and support - Organizations who hire should attempt to provide the proper training and support. As they have made the first move, now they need to give the Black sales professional the opportunity to succeed. The Black Sales professional should request details about training, and ongoing support prior to accepting a position.

Retention of Black sales professionals is difficult – Much of this is based on what is above.  A solid Black sales professional has many talents, and if thwarted by the points shown above, they will move to other sales positions, and possibly to other occupations.  Having them move out of sales positions keeps the numbers anemic, but also makes managers wary in the hiring process.  This is not favorable for other Black sales professionals.

Why is it Important? – The Professional Sales Outlook 2012 – 2018

The importance of this issue is based on the fact that as many occupations languish, professional sales is projected to grow through 2018. Let’s quickly look at the number of sales positions available.   The source of this information is the United States Department of Labor.  This report projects through 2018. A quick look at the sales profession in this jobs report will show the following information:

Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Mfg.  1,973,000

Sales Whsl. and Mfg. (Excl Tech and Sci)      1,540,000

Sales Whsl. and Mfg. (Tech and Sci)                 433,000

The jobs pay well in the overall also:

• Wage estimates ex tech/scientific– Median $51,920, with the 75th percentile showing $74,310 in the overall.  This is wage, and does not include commissions or bonuses.
• Wage estimates tech/scientific – Median $71,300 with the 75th percentile showing $100,910 overall.  This is wage, and does not include commissions or bonuses.

Total sales employment for 2018 is projected to rise to 2,116,400 by 2018 for a 7% projected increase. All of the numbers shown are from the May 2009 DOL Report. Almost all sales positions have some arrangement regarding bonus or commission, although some sales positions are commission only.

In a country that has a reduced focus on manufacturing products, the occupation of sales has increased in importance.  This importance comes from selling US manufactured goods as well as goods manufactured outside the US to businesses in our country.  This is basically the essence of distribution. In professional sales, you cannot successfully outsource distribution.   It will be domestic, and almost all of it will be face-to-face.

Your comments are appreciated.

“Who has confidence in himself will gain the confidence of others.”
- Lieb Lazarow

In corporate lobbies and shiny business buildings everywhere there are people trying to rob you of your self-confidence. There are those people who will attempt to find any crack or weakness to attack, and some with good reason.  Testing your meddle is what they are doing, and it is legal, and you should expect it.

One day I went on a call to meet a prospect that I had worked on for over 6 months just to get an appointment.  He indicated that we should meet at 9:00A sharp and that I had 45 minutes total appointment time.  That is not enough time to get the information that I needed, but it was a start.  When I arrived at his business at 8:55A, there were two trucks backed-up waiting to get into the loading docks.  I sat patiently waiting for the trucks to move, which would allow entry to the parking lot.  Feeling as if it would be too long, I parked down the street and walked two blocks.

I walked into reception at 9:06A and immediately was escorted in by the receptionist.  My buyer was sitting at a long table in the conference room staring at his watch.  He said, “I thought I specified that you should we would start at 9:00a?”  I apologized without explaining the situation.  He then said, “We are at 9:10 and you are eating away at your own time!”  He then said, “What in God’s name makes you the person I want to buy from?  You seem so young.”  I responded, “I know his industry well, and had some creative solutions that you will find attractive.”  I was on my heels at this point, and that was all that I knew to say.  His expression showed his lack of acceptance.

We rushed through the appointment.  My questions were hurried and his answers were brief, even incomplete.  I continued to probe, although cognizant of my time restraints. I was getting answers, but needed more.  At 9:45A he abruptly stood up, extended his hand and stated, “My next appointment is waiting.  I hope you have enough information.”  As he was leaving the room he parted by saying, “My assistant will make an appointment for the presentation.”  I did not have enough for a quotation presentation, and if I did not get more, it would have been a wasted opportunity.

Never Show You are Shaken

I was late, although only by a few minutes, but was on the defensive and I was young most likely compared to my competition.  Even on top of that, I was Black.  Being Black might not have been the biggest deal in the world, but I was a in a profession that required that you instill confidence in the customer as the product was an intangible.

I am not going to tell you that race was a factor, because I don’t know, but I will speculate below.

This individual was attempting to rob me of my self-confidence and I was not ready to let it go.   You have been in similar situations.  He questioned my professionalism (being late) as well as my age and I did everything that I could do not to appear defensive.

Build a Portfolio of Proof Sources

As you may have seen in BSJ 4/16/12 – Credibility, You Can’t Buy It, You Have Got To Earn It, one of the most effective tools to help establish credibility is proof sources such as letters of recommendation, accreditations, certifications, and other indications of your professional nature and ability to help customers.  Credibility will help give you confidence.  Armed with these, you can answer the questions about experience, age, and knowledge.

If you are new in the sales occupation, you will eventually have these questions so take the opportunity to prepare your portfolio to house these important items:

• Letter from prominent customers singing your praises
• Certifications and designations indicating technical ability and knowledge
• Your reasons why you should be the customers sales professional

These will help, but the most important display is your own demeanor.

Be ‘Cool’ in the Game

If you are new, you may not have all of these items, but whether a novice or a vet, you still need to be look confident and composed no matter what the situation.

Never appear smug but do recognize that you want to portray that the ‘solution’ just walked into the room.  You don’t want to be ‘worshipped’, only believed.  Make solid eye-to-eye contact and put down your electronics, retreating to a reliance on your personal skills.  Remember you listening skills and your ability to show empathy (BSJ – 10/13/2011, Empathy, Put Yourself In Your Customers Shoes) and always deliver solutions…. then sell (BSJ 6/20/2011 -Deliver Solutions…Then Sell).

Something to Think About

He did not involve my race in any of his comments.  He may have been tough, but he was a professional.  Maybe it was not a factor to him.  No matter what, this buyer was a tough one.

Regardless, all a Black sales professional can do is to exude confidence, be ultra prepared, and armed with as much ‘ammo’ in the form of proof sources to deal with perceptions that you might have basic faults.

I always think about being on time and not starting out a meeting with an apology.  Way back then, or even before it, I realized that you start from a weaker position if you ‘begging’ someone’s pardon as the meeting is starting.

In the end, I did not sell this account at this time, although I did sell him in the future.  My presentation was solid according to my manager who was on the call.   This buyer worked with me two years later.  My manager would later say that I ‘developed’ the prospect during that proposal.

Be confident in your abilities, even though buyers, and situations work to strip you of your ‘high’.  If you have prepared well, and know your trade, you should walk in with your shoulders high and ask for the business.

Always be prepared!

Your comments are welcome.